Culture and transport methods are described that allow chromosomes to be obtained from lymph node biopsies with a high success rate, even when the biopsy is taken at a distant site from the cytogenetic laboratory. Optimal banding techniques for the identification of these chromosomes are given, along with hints on how to correct any problems encountered on initial staining. We also describe how to prepare this material for fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques, both for further delineation of complex chromosomal rearrangements and for interphase analysis in cases in which conventional cytogenetics has not been successful.